Computer, Networking, Programming, Photoshop articles, tips & more.
This was my university project, its an useful Windows utility for creating alarms and reminders with any message you want. With DeskAlarm you can easy create Alarms that will display at your given time or on daily basis with your custom message. DeskAlarm can be use to create multiple alarms, reminders and alert messages.
Download Page:
https://sourceforge.net/projects/deskalarmtool/
In this article series i am going to discuss common concepts of Object Oriented Programming called OOP. We will compare OOP techniques & concepts with the real world, so it will be easy to understand for novice or even professional programmers.
Procedures, also known as routines, subroutines, methods, or functions simply contain a series of computational steps to be carried out. A procedural programming language provides a programmer a means to define precisely each step in the performance of a task. The programmer knows what is to be accomplished and provides through the language step-by-step instructions on how the task is to be done.
Procedural programming is often a better choice than simple sequential or unstructured programming in many situations which involve moderate complexity or which require significant ease of maintainability.
OOP or Object Oriented Programming is a good programming practise to create manageable projects more easily. OOP gives you facilities to create reusable objects that you or other developers can use in their projects without reinventing them again and again.
An object-oriented program may thus be viewed as a collection of interacting objects, as opposed to the conventional model, in which a program is seen as a list of tasks (subroutines) to perform. In OOP, each object is capable of receiving messages, processing data, and sending messages to other objects and can be viewed as an independent ‘machine’ with a distinct role or responsibility. The actions (or “operators”) on these objects are closely associated with the object.
The most important distinction is whereas procedural programming uses procedures to operate on data structures, object-oriented programming bundles the two together so an “object” operates on its “own” data structure.
Objects as programming entities were introduced in the 1960s in Simula 67, a programming language designed for performing simulations, created by Ole-Johan Dahl and Kristen Nygaard of the Norwegian Computing Center in Oslo. (They were working on ship simulations, and were confounded by the combinatorial explosion of how the different attributes from different ships could affect one another. The idea occurred to them of grouping the different types of ships into different classes of objects; each class of objects being responsible for defining its own data and behavior.). The ideas of Simula 67 influenced many later languages, especially Smalltalk and derivatives of Lisp and Pascal. The Smalltalk language, which was developed at Xerox PARC (by Alan Kay and others) in the 1970s, introduced the term object-oriented programming to represent the pervasive use of objects and messages as the basis for computation.
More recently, a number of languages have emerged that are primarily object-oriented yet compatible with procedural methodology, such as Python and Ruby. Probably the most commercially important recent object-oriented languages are Visual Basic.NET (VB.NET) and C#, both designed for Microsoft’s .NET platform, and Java, developed by Sun Microsystems.[who?] VB.NET and C# both support cross-language inheritance, allowing classes defined in one language to subclass classes defined in the other language.
Article by Hasan Hameed
Here i am demonstrating “traditional HelloWorld” examples in PHP using different ways like function, objects etc.. This will be helpful for beginners to understand the basic concepts of PHP used in practicle life.
echo "HelloWorld"; // echo() is same as print()
<?= "Hello World" ?>
$var = "HelloWorld";
echo $var;
$array = array("HelloWorld");
echo $array[0];
$array = array("greeting"=>"HelloWorld");
echo $array["greeting"];
$array = array("subarray"=>array("HelloWorld"));
echo $array["subarray"][0];
// definition
function sayHello() {
echo "HelloWorld";
}
// call
sayHello();
// definition
function sayHello($arg) {
echo $arg;
}
// call
$var = "HelloWorld";
sayHello($var);
// definition
function sayHello(&$arg) {
$arg = "HelloWorld";
}
// call
$var = "";
sayHello($var);
echo $var;
// definition
function sayHello() {
return "HelloWorld";
}
// call
echo sayHello();
// class
class Greet
{
public function __construct() {
echo "HelloWorld";
}
}
// initiate object
$obj = new Greet();
// class
class Greet
{
public function __destruct() {
echo "HelloWorld";
}
}
// initiate then destroy object
$obj = new Greet();
unset($obj); // cause print
// class
class Greet
{
private $var = "HelloWorld";
public function sayHello() {
echo $this->var ;
}
}
// initiate object then call method
$obj = new Greet();
$obj->sayHello();
// class
class Greet
{
private static $var = "HelloWorld";
public static function sayHello() {
echo self::$var ;
}
}
// call satic method without initiating class object
Greet::sayHello();
// our parent class
class Greet
{
protected $var = "HelloWorld";
}
// our child class
class Do_Greet extends Greet
{
public function sayHello() {
echo $this->var ; // accessing parent property (if private it will cause error)
}
}
// we have to initiate children class object
$obj = new Do_Greet();
$obj->sayHello();
// our parent class
class Greet
{
protected static $var = "HelloWorld";
}
// our child class
class Do_Greet extends Greet
{
public static function sayHello() {
echo parent::$var ; // accessing parent static property (if private it will cause error)
}
}
// without initiating class call its static method
Do_Greet::sayHello();
There are many other ways too but i’ve listed some common ones used in PHP. Feel free to share them!
Apache module ‘mod_rewrite’ must be installed & ‘Rewrite Engine’ must be set to ‘On’ for these tricks to work;
# enable rewriting
RewriteEngine on
Options +FollowSymlinks
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI}\\/%{HTTP_HOST}/www. ^/+(.+/)?[^.]*[^/]\\(/)(([^.]{4,}|[^w.]?[^.][^w.]?[^.]?[^w.]?)\..+/(www\.)|.*)$ [OR,NC]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST}/www. ^(/)?(#)?(/)?(([^.]{4,}|[^w.]?[^.][^w.]?[^.]?[^w.]?)\..+/(www\.))$ [NC]
RewriteRule ^ http://%6%{HTTP_HOST}%{REQUEST_URI}%2 [L,R=301]
DirectoryIndex mypage.html
>ErrorDocument 400 /MySite/errors/400.php ErrorDocument 401 /MySite/errors/401.php ErrorDocument 403 /MySite/errors/403.php ErrorDocument 404 /MySite/errors/404.php ErrorDocument 500 /MySite/errors/500.php
><files settings.php> order allow,deny deny from all </files>
<files *.extention> order allow,deny deny from all </files>
">Options -ExecCGI AddHandler cgi-script .php .pl .py .jsp .asp .htm .shtml .sh .cgi
>AddType application/octet-stream .mp3 .mpeg .mov .pdf .doc
Disable directory browsing:
Options All -Indexes IndexIgnore *
IndexIgnore *.jpg *.mp3 *.mpeg
Options +FollowSymlinks
RewriteEngine on
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www\.(.*) [NC]
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ http://%1/$1 [R=301,NC,L]
I got this picture from my grand father’s photo album. He was a fellowman of Great Albert Einstein.
He took this picture from the first color camera of the work made by a famous scientist, and this was awarded as the first color picture of the world.
Sorry i forgot to add that the name Hasan that he is writing on green board is my grand father’s name.
